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|updated = 6 September 2012 }} Oscar Leonard Carl Pistorius OIB (; born 22 November 1986) is a South African sprint runner. Although both of Pistorius' legs were amputated below the knee when he was 11 months old, he has competed in events for single below-knee amputees and for able-bodied athletes. After becoming a Paralympic champion, Pistorius attempted to enter able-bodied international competition, over persistent objections of the IAAF and charges that his artificial limbs gave an unfair advantage. Pistorius eventually prevailed in this legal dispute. At the 2011 World Championships in Athletics, Pistorius became the first amputee to win an able-bodied world track medal. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, Pistorius became the first double leg amputee to participate in the Olympics when he entered the men's 400 metres and 4 × 400 metres relay races. At the 2012 Summer Paralympics, Pistorius won gold medals in the men's 400-metre race and in the 4 × 100 metres relay, setting world records in both events. He also took silver in the 200-metre race, having set a world record in the semifinal. On Valentine's Day 2013, Pistorius fatally shot his girlfriend, Reeva Steenkamp, in his Pretoria home. He said he had mistaken Steenkamp for an intruder hiding in the bathroom, but he was arrested and charged with murder. At his trial the following year, Pistorius was found guilty of culpable homicide. He received a five-year prison sentence for culpable homicide and a concurrent three-year suspended prison sentence for a separate reckless endangerment conviction. In November, prosecutors asked the sentencing judge for permission to appeal the verdict. Permission was granted in December, and the case will next be presented to a five-person panel at the Supreme Court of Appeal.〔 His release from prison to house arrest was announced for 21 August 2015, but this was placed "on hold" on 19 August 2015. On 15 October 2015 it was confirmed that Pistorius was to be released from prison on 20 October 2015;〔http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/oscar-pistorius-paralympic-athlete-to-be-released-from-prison-a6695206.html〕 however, he was released on 19 October 2015.〔http://citizen.co.za/826314/pistorius-already-at-home-lawyer〕 ==Early life== Oscar Pistorius was born to Henke and Sheila Pistorius on 22 November 1986 in Sandton, Johannesburg, in what was then Transvaal Province (now Gauteng Province) of South Africa. He grew up in a Christian home and has an elder brother, Carl, and a younger sister, Aimée.〔 Pistorius credits his mother, who died at the age of 43 when Pistorius was 15 years old, as a major influence in his life. He is a white South African with Italian ancestry from his mother's grandfather, an Italian emigrant to Kenya.〔 (Italian)〕 He is an Afrikaner with Afrikaans as a mother tongue and also fluent in English.〔() How the Oscar Pistorius trial became a mirror on South African society. Gurdian, 10 September 2014〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/oscar-pistorius-a-troubling-symbol-of-the-new-squeezed-afrikaner-society-of-the-cities-9730440.html )〕 Pistorius was born with fibular hemimelia (congenital absence of the fibula) in both legs. When he was 11 months old, his legs were amputated halfway between his knees and ankles. He attended Constantia Kloof Primary School and Pretoria Boys High School,〔 where he played rugby union in the school's third XV team.〔 He played water polo and tennis at provincial level between the ages of 11 and 13.〔 In addition, Pistorius took part in club Olympic wrestling, and trained at Jannie Brooks's garage gym in Pretoria, South Africa. After a serious rugby knee injury in June 2003, he was introduced to running in January 2004 while undergoing rehabilitation at the University of Pretoria's High Performance Centre with coach Ampie Louw, and "never looked back".〔 His first racing blades were fitted by South African prosthetist Francois van der Watt. Because he was unable to find suitable running blades in Pretoria, Van der Watt ordered some to be made by a local engineer. However, as these quickly broke, Van der Watt referred Pistorius to American prosthetist and Paralympic sprinter Brian Frasure to be fitted for blades by Icelandic company Össur. Pistorius began studying for a Bachelor of Commerce (B.Com.) in business management with sports science at the University of Pretoria in 2006.〔〔 In a June 2008 interview for his University's website, he joked: "I won't graduate soon. With all the training I have had to cut down on my subjects. Hopefully I'll finish by the time I'm 30!"〔 Asked by a journalist for his "sporting motto", he said: "You're not disabled by the disabilities you have, you are able by the abilities you have."〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Oscar Pistorius」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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